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KMID : 1037320230160020089
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Korean Journal of Infant Mental Health
2023 Volume.16 No. 2 p.89 ~ p.122
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Challenges in Measuring Executive Functions from Childhood to Adolescence: Focusing on the Stroop Effect
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Lee Sae-Byul
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Abstract
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Despite numerous research findings on executive functions in children, there remains a significant gap in our understanding of the developmental trajectories and underlying mechanisms of these functions. This gap can be partly attributed to the prevailing research approach, which assesses executive functions through various behavioral tasks exhibiting both similarities and differences in their measurement of executive functions. This study organizes and reviews research that utilizes the Stroop paradigm or similar tasks, which are the most commonly employed methods for measuring executive functions, from a developmental perspective. It addresses the issues concerning measurement patterns across various age groups and questions the validity of interpreting developmental differences in the results. Notably, the study presents that the facilitation and interference effects in various Stroop tasks do not originate from the same underlying causes, and the measurement of inhibitory control abilities can vary across different age groups. Asㅤa result, this research underscores the importance of moving beyond the use of identical task forms and emphasizes the need to consider the perceptual and cognitive abilities associated with the knowledge levels of each age group when interpreting observed performance outcomes to comprehend the developmental patterns and underlying mechanisms of executive functions across diverse age groups.
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KEYWORD
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executive functions, inhibitory control, the Stroop effect, children, adolescent
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